America ek aise category mein number one ban gaya hai jismein koi bhi aage nahi aana chahta. Duniya ki sabse badi economy ka public debt ab uske annual GDP se bhi zyada ho gaya hai. Yeh pehli baar World War II ke baad hua hai.
Committee for a Responsible Federal Budget (CRFB) ke mutabiq, March tak US ka public debt $31.27 trillion tha. Wahi, US ka annual GDP $31.22 trillion tha. Matlab, debt GDP se $50 billion zyada hai. CRFB ne yeh analysis Bureau of Economic Analysis ke naye data ke aadhar par kiya.
Kyun hai yeh debt itna dangerous?
Jab kisi country ka debt uski GDP se zyada ho jata hai, toh iska matlab hai ki woh apni poori saal ki kamai se bhi zyada loan le chuki hai. Iske kai economic risks hain. Sabse bada risk yeh hai ki debt ko service karne (interest aur principal chukane) ka kharcha itna badh jayega ki doosre important cheezon ke liye paisa nahi bachega. Jaise education, healthcare, ya infrastructure.
Rating agencies is fiscal governance ki 'long-running deterioration' ko lekar chintit hain. Unka kehna hai ki America mein budget management ka jo standard hona chahiye, woh continuously gir raha hai. Isse foreign investors ka bharosa kam ho sakta hai, aur US bonds par interest rate badh sakta hai.
Kya hai asli wajah?
Yeh debt itna kyun badha? Iski ek simple si wajah hai — government apni income se zyada kharch kar rahi hai. Tax collection toh hai, lekin kharcha usse kaafi zyada hai. Aur yeh gap har saal badh raha hai. COVID-19 ke time toh kharcha aur badh gaya, lekin uske baad bhi situation theek nahi hui.
CRFB ne pehle bhi warnings di thi ki debt control nahi kiya toh economic crisis aa sakti hai. Ab woh warning reality ban rahi hai.
Hamaari Baat: Yeh sirf America ka masla nahi hai
Seedha baat karein toh — America ki yeh debt crisis poori duniya ke liye warning hai. US dollar aur US bonds ko duniya ki safest investment mana jata hai. Agar America hi apna debt manage nahi kar paya, toh global economy par uska bada asar padega. India jaise developing countries ke liye bhi yeh risky hai kyunki unki economy US economy se connected hai.
Hamari nazar mein, US government ko ab fiscal discipline seriously lena hoga. Tax collection improve karna hoga, unnecessary kharchon ko cut karna hoga, aur debt ko control mein lana hoga. Agar aisa nahi hua, toh aane wale saalon mein interest rates badhenge, inflation badhegi, aur common aadmi ki jeb par bhi asar padega.
Sources & References
- Committee for a Responsible Federal Budget (CRFB) — CRFB Official
- Bureau of Economic Analysis — BEA Official
